The numbers: The 2028 state legislative elections are set for 85 of the nation’s 99 legislative chambers, in 44 states, on November 7, 2028. Six states hold no regular legislative elections that year, and Michigan and Minnesota elect only their state house. Results of the November 3, 2026 legislative elections are pending certification and are not shown.
Data as of November 9, 2026; chamber sizes and term lengths come from the National Conference of State Legislatures and state constitutions and statutes, each with a dated source. Sources listed below.
Which State Legislatures Have Elections in 2028?
The 2028 state legislative elections fall on the same November 7, 2028 ballot as the presidential race. Whether a chamber is on that ballot depends on its term length and election cycle. Two-year chambers elect every seat every even year. Many four-year senates are staggered, so only part of their seats are up at a time. A few states elect their legislatures in odd-numbered years, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL).
The map shades each state by which chambers hold regular elections in 2028. It does not show party control, because control of many chambers turns on November 3, 2026 results that are still pending certification. For the federal races on the same ballot, see the 2028 House map and the 2028 Senate map.
2028 State Legislative Elections by State: Full Table
| State | Senate on 2028 ballot | House on 2028 ballot | Term lengths | Official source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | No election (next 2030) | No election (next 2030) | Senate 4 yr; House 4 yr | NCSL |
| Alaska | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 40 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Arizona | Yes: all 30 seats | Yes: all 60 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Arkansas | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 100 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| California | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 80 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Colorado | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 65 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Connecticut | Yes: all 36 seats | Yes: all 151 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Delaware | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 41 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Florida | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 120 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Georgia | Yes: all 56 seats | Yes: all 180 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Hawaii | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 51 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Idaho | Yes: all 35 seats | Yes: all 70 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Illinois | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 118 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Indiana | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 100 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Iowa | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 100 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Kansas | Yes: all 40 seats | Yes: all 125 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Kentucky | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 100 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Louisiana | No election (next 2027) | No election (next 2027) | Senate 4 yr; House 4 yr | NCSL |
| Maine | Yes: all 35 seats | Yes: all 151 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Maryland | No election (next 2030) | No election (next 2030) | Senate 4 yr; House 4 yr | NCSL |
| Massachusetts | Yes: all 40 seats | Yes: all 160 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Michigan | No (next 2030) | Yes: all 110 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | Mich. Const. art. IV, sec. 2 |
| Minnesota | No (next 2030) | Yes: all 134 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | Minnesota Secretary of State |
| Mississippi | No election (next 2027) | No election (next 2027) | Senate 4 yr; House 4 yr | NCSL |
| Missouri | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 163 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Montana | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 100 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Nebraska | Yes: 25 of 49 seats (odd-numbered districts) | No house (unicameral) | 4 yr, nonpartisan | Neb. Rev. Stat. 32-508 |
| Nevada | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 42 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| New Hampshire | Yes: all 24 seats | Yes: all 400 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| New Jersey | No election (next 2027) | No election (next 2027) | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| New Mexico | Yes: all 42 seats | Yes: all 70 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| New York | Yes: all 63 seats | Yes: all 150 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| North Carolina | Yes: all 50 seats | Yes: all 120 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| North Dakota | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Senate 4 yr; House 4 yr | NCSL |
| Ohio | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 99 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Oklahoma | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 101 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Oregon | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 60 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Pennsylvania | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 203 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Rhode Island | Yes: all 38 seats | Yes: all 75 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| South Carolina | Yes: all 46 seats | Yes: all 124 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| South Dakota | Yes: all 35 seats | Yes: all 70 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Tennessee | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 99 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Texas | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 150 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Utah | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 75 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Vermont | Yes: all 30 seats | Yes: all 150 seats | Senate 2 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Virginia | No election (next 2027) | No election (next 2027) | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Washington | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 98 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| West Virginia | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 100 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Wisconsin | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 99 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
| Wyoming | Yes: part (staggered terms) | Yes: all 62 seats | Senate 4 yr; House 2 yr | NCSL |
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“Part (staggered terms)” means the chamber elects some of its seats in 2028 and the rest in 2026 or 2030. Seat counts for staggered chambers are not listed because each state sets its own rotation. Special elections to fill vacancies are not included.
The Chambers Not on the 2028 Ballot
Fourteen chambers hold no regular elections in 2028:
- Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey and Virginia elect their legislatures in odd-numbered years. All four next elect both chambers in 2027.
- Alabama and Maryland elect both chambers to four-year terms in midterm years. Both voted on November 3, 2026, and next vote in 2030.
- Michigan’s Senate is elected for four-year terms “at the same election as the governor,” under the Michigan Constitution, so it is next on the ballot in 2030.
- Minnesota’s Senate is elected in years ending in 0, 2 and 6, according to the Minnesota Secretary of State, so it is next on the ballot in 2030.
Term Rules and State-Specific Exceptions
- Whole senates in 2028: Kansas, New Mexico and South Carolina elect all of their four-year senate seats at once. None of the three held senate elections in 2026, according to NCSL, so every seat in those senates is up in 2028.
- Nebraska: The only one-house legislature, with 49 senators elected on a nonpartisan ballot, according to the Nebraska Legislature. Senators from odd-numbered districts are elected in 2028 under Neb. Rev. Stat. 32-508.
- North Dakota: Both chambers serve staggered four-year terms, so only part of the state House is up in 2028.
- Two-year senates: Arizona, Connecticut, Georgia, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Dakota and Vermont elect every senate seat every two years.
- Largest and smallest: New Hampshire’s 400-member House is the largest chamber on the 2028 ballot; Alaska’s 20-member Senate is the smallest.
2026 Results and Chamber Control
Voters chose legislators in 88 chambers on November 3, 2026. Those results are pending certification, so this page does not report which party controls any chamber going into 2027 or 2028. Chamber control will be added only from certified results with a dated official source.
How to Track the 2028 State Legislative Elections
- Watch each state’s election office for certification of the 2026 legislative results.
- Watch for 2028 candidate filing deadlines and primary dates, which each state sets.
- Watch for special elections, which fill vacant seats outside the regular cycle.
- Check the 2028 governor map, the 2028 attorney general map and the 2028 secretary of state map for the statewide offices on many of the same ballots.
What This Map Does and Doesn’t Tell You
The map shows which state legislative chambers hold regular elections in 2028. It does not show party control, candidates, polling or forecasts, and it does not use 2026 results that have not been certified.
For the rest of the 2028 map series, see the 2028 Electoral College map, the 2028 swing-state map, the 2028 Senate open-seat map and the 2028 presidential primary calendar.
2028 State Legislative Election Questions
How many state legislative chambers have elections in 2028? Eighty-five of the 99 chambers, in 44 states.
Which states have no legislative elections in 2028? Alabama, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey and Virginia.
Is the whole legislature up in every state? No. Many four-year senates elect only part of their seats, and the Michigan and Minnesota senates are not on the 2028 ballot.
When are the 2028 state legislative elections? The general election is November 7, 2028. Primary dates vary by state.
Why doesn’t the map show which party controls each chamber? Control depends on November 3, 2026 results that are still pending certification.
Sources
- National Conference of State Legislatures: 2026 legislative races by state and chamber (updated June 25, 2026)
- National Conference of State Legislatures: 2030 redistricting election dates for legislators and governors (updated August 26, 2026)
- Michigan Constitution, Article IV, Section 2: Senate
- Minnesota Secretary of State: Minnesota Legislature (senate election years)
- Nebraska Revised Statutes 32-508: members of the Legislature, terms
- Nebraska Legislature: on unicameralism
